It’s been interesting so far reading The Hungry Tide from the perspective of having read Ghosh’s essay “The Great Derangement.” The novel itself is really good and entertaining in more ways than one, especially in it’s rich description of the setting. Ghosh spends a lot of time describing the setting of Lusibari and the Mangrove environment, the Sundarbans and the river that Piya ends up traveling and studying through. It’s really beautiful and important to the worldbuilding of course, but it also builds up this perspective of the anthropocene in places that are likely unfamiliar to the audience of The Hungry Tide which is the sub-continent of India. People who live in any of the Sundarban islands have a very different relationship to their environment compared to people in Parable of the Sower. I say this because the Mangrove environment, at least from my understanding, is based on a current lived reality and thus has created an established understanding of nature, which I am still trying to figure out.

I think Piya’s career being within the field of nature and environment, further allows Ghosh to explore the environment of the setting. There have been hints of environmental issues present within the Sundarban islands, starting from when Kanai first arrives and see his aunt, “That’s the problem, you see: there isn’t as much water in the river nowadays and at low tide it gets very shallow” (Ghosh 22),and again when Piya makes observations of her dolphins “But that made no sense either, she told herself; it just didn’t fit with what she knew about these animals” (Ghosh 103). It hasn’t yet been hinted that these irregularities of the environment is a result of the anthropocene, or in other words because of humans. But the environment adds to the mysterious aspect of the novel where there is a lot of going back and forth between Kanai and Piya’s point of view. Also, I like how because of their disconnect of personal relations, considering Piya grew up in Seattle, the main connecting and grounding factor between the two is their environment which we have seen to almost behave as it’s own character. So the environment is both a mysterious feature for both the reader and the novels character to unmask, but also the one grounding feature connecting the experiences and stories of Piya and Kanai. The worldsetting plays a really beautiful and important role in The Hungry Tide so far, and i’m looking forward to reading about the anthropocenic connections that I am struggling to make.

When reading any tremendous novel such as the Parable of the Sower, we can be left with the question of “what now ?”.  After about 329 pages what precisely can be taken from the book ? Can anything be taken from the book ? That is a question many of the characters within even the narrative itself ask Lauren. Harry, Bankole, Grayson and others challenge the Earthseed verses , and generally challenge any sort of  narrative of optimism or hope. Within the genre of Sci-fi and specifically post-apocalyptic fiction  itself hope and optimism are forsaken concepts, dirty words that have no place in such a gritty, grounded , and violent setting. Yet hope and violence aren’t as mutually exclusive as may seem. Violent resistance movements, often are inextricably linked to hope. As the great Huey P Newton says on resistance:

“Revolutionary suicide does not mean that I and my comrades have a death wish; it means just the opposite. We have such a strong desire to live with hope and human dignity that existence without them is impossible. When reactionary forces crush us, we must move against these forces, even at the risk of death. We will have to be driven out with a stick” – Huey P Newton, Revolutionary Suicide  

Perhaps some readers might give their rhetorical preferences to Harry or Bankole, agnostic figures that retain the patriarchal schema of seemingly every male character in the post-apocalyptic genre and in fiction broadly.  Harry and Bankole start off on the same sort of level, in their relation to Lauren, her ideas and its praxis; chiefly that they are skeptical of them. Harry initially is very hesitant on killing and allowing others into the group, but it’s only until Lauren displays how killing is not something for their group that comes lightly, that violence gives as much pain as it takes away. As this exchange indicates;

“So when you hit that guy’  she said, ‘it was like you hitting yourself’…

‘So that’s why you killed that guy?’

‘I killed him because he was a threat to us. To me in a special way, but to you, too’  (Butler 193).

Violence is not any easy choice, the group never kills for convenience, triviality, revenge, but for pure survival. 

This is particularly interesting as those who can enact violence within these types of stories are typically white men who in some way are colonizing the land and in their violence find a particularly violent means by which to do so.  In Parable of the Sower, the violence is not only just multi-ethnic, but purely defensive. Part of the prepper fantasy is taking one’s land “back” from the savages or the inverse displacing the deviants who inhabit a land.  The violence of Lauren and her group is reminiscent of the Black Panthers’ “Cop Watch” practice, in which the Black Panthers would carry firearms to defend themselves from volatile racist police. Violence without struggle, is at best reactionary and at worst cruelty and sadism.

In the chapters we have read of The Hungry Tide, Ghosh takes us through a journey that weaves the past histories of the Sundarban Islands and the perspective of a native to the land, Kanai, with the present realities of the environment there through the lense of Piya. Piya still has a strong connection to the land since she is Indian but communication is a barrier throughout the novel, specifically when she is working with Fokir on his boat studying a rare species of dolphins. For Piya, the emotional connection and mutual understanding she has with Fokir transcends their need to speak through language and this idea is closely mirrored by the ways she observes the dolphins communicating and the ease of interacting through natural instinct.

Although Kanai is able to speak 6 languages, his ability to communicate and connect with others is a conflict throughout the novel. He is on a respective journey to decipher and understand Nirmal’s final months of life. He has to confront his own ideas of fear and arrogance, reflecting on the way he moves through the world. For example, the way he views and treats Piya speaks to his perception of women despite Piya being an intelligent and independent individual. However, we see the start of character development with the way Kanai starts to view the poor people of Lusibari as well as how he interacts with Moyna. He sheds himself of some of his arrogance when he places himself on the same level and in the same environment of the people there.

These chapters are developing a multifaceted argument and discussion about the ways in which we treat the environment and how conservation efforts can in some ways be more harmful. Ghosh explores the relationship between humans and nature and the gray area of protecting what is natural and/or sacred. This provides a really interesting perspective when we see how the ecological preservation efforts negatively affect the impoverished communities there and how the government values wildlife over humans. There is a need to find the balance between protecting animals but also giving the same service and resources to people who have a connection to the Sundarban Islands and the natural world than the rich and privileged. In the chapter, “A Hunt”, Piya describes what can be seen as a metaphor for finding this balance when the fishermen are able to catch fish while simultaneously the dolphins get a “catch of their own” through the fishermen’s help .

Moving into a new space that you have no knowledge of would be a complicated way to view your surroundings and adapting when you literally have no fundamental basics on how to survive and adapt. As well as some profit organizations with powerful people in control that intervene nature for the sake of capitalizing out of it and not putting themselves into the shoes of the species that inhabited this land or nature in general shows the arrogance of these people not being remorseful about their decisions to only benefit and make gains. Trying to blend in in an area that doesn’t feel adequately safe when things suddenly happen or getting killed by animals that live there.  

In the novel “ The Hungry Tide”, Ghosh develops this narrative and concept surrounding these empty islands that are not suitable to inhabit because of the constant change the landscape goes through which not only is the floor not solid, but living with dangerous animals isn’t a great thing. Kanai the only reason he went Lusibari is because his uncle left some writings for him and when he arrived Nirmal explain him and walked him through the land which he would get flashback when he was young he would go to certain places with certain directions, now it changed because of the mud and the tides remove villages and areas of the land. “See, he says, people lived here once, but they were driven away by tempests and tides, tigers and crocodiles.” pg. 43 “The Hungry Tide” In this small sentence it explains about the conditions of living in these islands in the novel and what people faced which lead them to head out of these areas since it’s not suitable and safe to live. When Kanai was sent to visit a hospital that was located there he was surprised that a hospital of two stories high with great decoration was built in such a weird landscape that natural cycles tend to happen. There are moments in which Piya is on a mission to complete a survey about searching for specific dolphins and find out if they actually live there which she was first sent with a group of people and later on in the novel she meets Fokir and his son, since she barely new any language she had to connect through pointing at specific locations and gesture exchange until she managed to find the dolphin to also find out that they remain in the same spot since the tide messes with the sea water level. “The mud parted under her weight, sucking her feet in with a wet surpling sound. She was taken completely by surprise for the mud hadn’t seemed deep at all when Fokir was running up the bank.” pg.126 “The Hungry Tide” This example shows that Piya had to get out of the boat and she hesitated because she was concerned about the mud and the things that may have in it but when she did she was half-body covered in mud and surprised that it wasn’t that deep and this helped me visualize the conditions this area is and looked like which seems to be unsafe and not well develop since the tides rises the water which sinks land and as well dangerous animals and weird landscape surrounding this area. It allows me to visualize and understand that not all landscapes provided by nature are suitable for people to start living because their ways of living are different to other species. Nor meant for people to colonize and take advantage of the landscape for example, the Government will try to implement some sort of activity that nobody can predict if the outcome of this idea is going to be good or bad and how much it will affect that landscape.